The wisdom teeth are the last molars on each side of the jaws. They are also the last teeth to emerge, or erupt, usually when a person is between 16 and 20 years of age. Because they are the last permanent teeth to come in, or erupt, there is often not enough room left in your mouth to accommodate them. This can lead to wisdom teeth that are impacted — teeth that are trapped in your jaw or under your gums.
What Are Impacted Wisdom Teeth?
If your wisdom teeth are impacted, it means they are blocked from erupting through your gums. Wisdom teeth may be impacted if they are:
Soft Tissue Impaction
The upper portion of the tooth (the crown) has penetrated through the bone, but the gingiva (gum) is covering part or all of the tooth's crown and has not fully receded to allow the tooth to erupt.
Partial Bony Impaction
The tooth has partially erupted, but a portion of the crown remains submerged below the gum and surrounding jawbone.
Complete Bony Impaction
The tooth is completely encased by jawbone. This will require more complex removal techniques.
Horizontal Impaction
The tooth is lying on its side in the jawbone, pointing toward the adjacent molar.
Why Should Impacted Wisdom Teeth Be Removed?
Wisdom teeth that have become impacted or haven't fully broken through the surface of the gum can cause dental problems. Food and bacteria can get trapped around the edge of the wisdom teeth, causing a build-up of plaque, which can lead to:
Why Early Removal Is Recommended
Patients are generally first evaluated for wisdom teeth in their mid-teenage years by their dentist or orthodontist. The sac of tissue around the wisdom tooth can develop into a cyst or tumor that can destroy the jawbone, teeth and nerves. Removing a wisdom tooth early may prevent problems such as an impacted tooth that destroys the second molar.
If the wisdom teeth are removed before age 20, patients tend to have better outcomes because the roots are not yet fully developed and the bone is less dense. Waiting until you're older to remove wisdom teeth can lead to a more difficult surgery and a longer recovery time.
Do You Have Impacted Wisdom Teeth?
If you are experiencing pain or discomfort from your wisdom teeth, or if you have been told you have impacted wisdom teeth, contact us to schedule a consultation with Dr. Butura.